Resolving SSH Access Issues: A Step-by-Step Guide

Introduction

SSH (Secure Shell) is a protocol used for secure remote access to servers. However, sometimes issues related to SSH access may arise. In this article, we will address common problems with SSH access and provide a step-by-step guide on how to resolve them.

1. Causes of SSH Access Issues

There are several common reasons for SSH access issues:

• Incorrect username or password
• SSH service is not running
• Firewall settings
• Errors in the SSH configuration file

2. Step-by-Step Solutions

Step 1: Check Username and Password

Make sure you are entering the correct username and password for SSH access. You can check your username with the following command:

whoami

If you enter an incorrect username or password, the SSH connection will be refused. Try again with the correct information.

Step 2: Check the Status of the SSH Service

To check whether the SSH service is running, use the following command:

sudo systemctl status ssh

If the service is not running, you can start it with the following command:

sudo systemctl start ssh

To enable the service to start automatically, use:

sudo systemctl enable ssh

Step 3: Check Firewall Settings

Firewall settings may block SSH connections. To check the firewall status, use:

sudo ufw status

To allow SSH connections, use the following command:

sudo ufw allow ssh

After making changes, reload the firewall:

sudo ufw reload

Step 4: Check the SSH Configuration File

The SSH configuration file (/etc/ssh/sshd_config) may be improperly configured. To open the file, use:

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Ensure the following settings are correct:

• PermitRootLogin yes (to allow root login)
• Port 22 (correct port number for SSH)

Save and exit the configuration by pressing Ctrl + X, then Y, and Enter. To restart the SSH service, use:

sudo systemctl restart ssh

Conclusion

By following the steps outlined above, you can resolve your SSH access issues. If problems persist, it may be beneficial to contact your server provider. With the right solutions, you can quickly regain SSH access.